Stoxa follows the intrinsic-valuation framework taught in standard corporate finance texts, with defaults and sector data drawn from Aswath Damodaran's published datasets and lecture notes (NYU Stern), cited in Learn. The core model is a free cash flow to the firm (FCFF) DCF: operating cash flow after tax and reinvestment, discounted at the weighted cost of capital. Reinvestment is not a free parameter. It follows from growth through a sales-to-capital ratio, so faster growth costs more capital and the model cannot grow for free.
The cost of debt comes from a synthetic rating: interest coverage maps to a rating, and the rating to a default spread over the risk-free rate. Terminal growth is capped at the risk-free rate, because no company can outgrow the economy forever. Cyclical companies are valued on mid-cycle margins rather than a peak or trough year.
Banks and insurers are routed to a dividend discount model and a residual income (excess return) model, since debt is their raw material and free cash flow to the firm means little for them.
Each step, with the formulas, worked examples and a reading list, is written up in Learn.